Introduction

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a major concern worldwide and in developing countries like India the problem is much bigger due to the low priority given to waste sector and lack of awareness.

Although there are several MSW treatment plants available such as composting, biomethanation, pyrolysis, incineration, etc. but the success of these plants is very low due to the absence of proper characterisation, poor design of treatment facilities, improper planning and business models, etc.

What is this Project About

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a major concern worldwide and in developing countries like India the problem is much bigger due to the low priority given to waste sector and lack of awareness.

Although there are several MSW treatment plants available such as composting, biomethanation, pyrolysis, incineration, etc. but the success of these plants is very low due to the absence of proper characterisation, poor design of treatment facilities, improper planning and business models, etc.

The project aims to formulate a proposal to assist insignificant waste diversion from landfills in metro-cities like Mumbai.

The study would provide inputs on experimental aspects thereby aiding in model development which would further enable policy-makers in taking pertinent decisions on the scale of waste generated, technologies available, etc.

As a first step, the inventory of solid waste management and characterisation would be performed in IIT Bombay campus

Reason and benefits of doing waste segregation

It is the only way to increase recycling rate

Today, only 11% of the total amount of waste in Metro Manila are recycled. This is mainly due to incomplete segregation. The fact that plastic needs more than a thousand years to completely decompose should make clear enough why recycling is crucial. Recycled waste is returned into the product cycle and thus does not end up on landfill, in the ocean or in rivers.

It makes the work of the waste sorters easier and more efficient

Workers in manual Material Recovery Facilities are only able to sort a certain amount of the waste that arrives on the landfill. As long as we do not have a disposal system with mechanized Material Recovery Facilities, segregation is crucial for the waste sorters to focus on the recyclable materials.

Only pure biodegradable waste can produce enough energy

The technology to turn biogas into energy already exists – and is used in the Philippines. Methane gas that evaporates on the landfills is transferred into electricity. But to produce the energy efficiently, the compostable waste needs to be free from other materials.

Many parts of your waste can be reused for other purpose

This might come as a surprise for you, but many parts of your waste are actually valuable. Just to name some examples, compost can be used as fertilizer, plastic bottles can be used for the construction of houses, paper can be used for handicrafts, and so on. By segregating, you support the selection of those materials.

Frequently Asked Questions


What do you mean by waste segregation?

Waste segregation basically means keeping wet and dry wastes separately, so that dry can be recycled and wet waste can be composted.

Why should I do it?

1. So that it reduces waste that reaches landfills and reduces pollution to air and water.
2. So that different processes- composting, recycling, incineration can be applied to different kinds of waste

How do I practice waste management at home?

1. Keep separate containers for dry and wet waste in the kitchen.
2. Keep two bags for dry waste collection- paper and plastic , for the rest of the household waste.
3. Keep plastic from the kitchen clean and dry and drop into the dry waste bin. Keep glass /plastic containers rinsed of food matter.
4. Send wet waste out of the home daily. Store and send dry waste out of the home , once a week.
5. Keep a paper bag for throwing the sanitary waste.

What is e-waste? How do I store e-waste?

E-waste or electronic waste consists of batteries, computer parts, wires, electrical equipment of any kind, electrical and electronic toys, remotes, watches, cellphones, as well as bulbs, tubelights and CFLs. Store them in separate container which is kept closed, away from moisture and in which nothing else is put.